A Systematic Review Of The Existing Literature On Nursing

2. REVIEW OF LITERATURE 2.1 Introduction A systematic review of the existing literature on nursing and its various dimensions was done prior to the conduct of the research to have an in-depth understanding of the field as well as the various factors that have an effect on nursing. This also aids in exploring the extent to which the field of nursing have been explored. Nurses and midwives are the largest group of health workers who provide a wide range of health services, which include promotive, preventive, curative, rehabilitative and supportive care to individuals, families and groups (WHO 2006). Their adequate representation and utilization in the health care system is very crucial to achieve the results for the services that are†¦show more content†¦Advocacy, promotion of a safe environment, research, participation in shaping health policy and in patient and health systems management, and education are also key nursing roles.’ (ICN, 2002) There are several definitions for the term ‘Nurse’. The International Council of Nurses (ICN) provides a very comprehensive definition for the term ‘Nurse’. ‘The nurse is a person who has completed a program of basic, generalized nursing education and is authorized by the appropriate regulatory authority to practice nursing in his/her country. Basic nursing education is a formally recognized program of study providing a broad and sound foundation in the behavioral, life, and nursing sciences for the general practice of nursing, for a leadership role, and for post-basic education for specialty or advanced nursing practice. The nurse is prepared and authorized (1) to engage in the general scope of nursing practice, including the promotion of health, prevention of illness, and care of physically ill, mentally ill, and disabled people of all ages and in all health care and other community settings; (2) to carry out health care teaching; (3) to participate fully as a member of the health care team; (4) to supervise and train nursing and health care auxiliaries; and (5) to be involved in research.’ (ICN, 1987) 2.2.2 Roles and Functions of the Nurse There are several roles assumed by a nurse in the process of caring for the patients. 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